51. Claims arising out of deductions from wages or delay in payment of wages etc., and penalty for malicious or vexatious claims.

(a) a bona fide error or a bona fide dispute as to the amount payable to the employee ; or
(b) the existence of exceptional circumstances, such that the employer was unable, though exercising reasonable diligence, to make prompt payment ; or
(c) the failure of the employee to accept payment.
(a) if the authority is a Magistrate, by the authority as if it were a fine imposed by him as Magistrate ; and
(b) if the authority is not a Magistrate, by any Magistrate to whom the authority makes an application in this behalf, as if it were a fine imposed by such Magistrate.